與工作簿建立聯繫#

用 Python 操作 Excel#

建立與一個工作簿的聯繫最簡單的方式,是透過 xw.Book():該物件會根據使用者輸入的名稱搜尋並開啓特定的工作簿,若無指定名稱,便會建立一個新的工作簿並與之建立聯繫。 若使用當下有多個被開啓的工作簿,則可透過 xw.books 讀取被開啓工作簿的集合:

>>> app = xw.App()  # or something like xw.apps[10559] for existing apps, get the available PIDs via xw.apps.keys()
>>> app.books['Book1']

Note that you usually should use App as a context manager as this will make sure that the Excel instance is closed and cleaned up again properly:

with xw.App() as app:
    book = app.books['Book1']

xw.Book

xw.books

新工作簿

xw.Book()

xw.books.add()

尚未儲存的工作簿

xw.Book('Book1')

xw.books['Book1']

根據路徑開啓的工作簿

xw.Book(r'C:/path/to/file.xlsx')

xw.books.open(r'C:/path/to/file.xlsx')

備註

在 Windows 作業系統下指定檔案路徑時,爲了避免反斜線符號()被誤認成跳脫字元,你應該使用 Python 的原始字串,在字串的前面加上 r,或是在字串内容所有的反斜線前面加上另一個反斜線,像是:C:\\path\\to\\file.xlsx

用 Excel 操作 Python (RunPython)#

To reference the calling book when using RunPython in VBA, use xw.Book.caller(), see Call Python with 「RunPython」. Check out the section about Debugging to see how you can call a script from both sides, Python and Excel, without the need to constantly change between xw.Book.caller() and one of the methods explained above.

使用者自定函數(UDFs)#

Unlike RunPython, UDFs don’t need a call to xw.Book.caller(), see User Defined Functions (UDFs). You’ll usually use the caller argument which returns the xlwings range object from where you call the function.